Idaho enacted a law making some bathroom access violations a misdemeanor in public accommodations. A federal court issued a preliminary injunction blocking enforcement while the challenge proceeds. Supporters describe sex-separated facilities as a privacy and safety rule. Opponents say criminal penalties discriminate against transgender people and can invite confrontations over anyone's appearance. The policy choice is whether Idaho should use criminal law, civil facility standards, rules focused on harmful conduct, local discretion, or explicit protection for access based on gender identity. People deserve privacy and safety in intimate spaces, but criminal charges are a blunt way to settle who belongs. Idaho should focus on conduct and workable facilities, not turn ordinary bathroom use into a police matter.