The NRC describes advanced reactors as including non-light-water reactor designs and small modular light-water reactors, often using newer safety features, alternative fuels or coolants, or smaller sizes. The ADVANCE Act of 2024 requires the NRC to take actions related to licensing new reactors and fuels while maintaining its safety and security mission. Supporters want faster licensing so nuclear power can help meet reliability and clean-energy needs. Critics warn that faster approval should not weaken safety review, emergency planning, waste handling, or local consent. Advanced nuclear could help with reliable clean power, but speed only helps if people trust the safety review.